Ne "Annual Report Season" yave kuda kusvika kumagumo musi wa30 Kubvumbi, A-share akanyorwa makambani nekuzengurira kana nekusada akapa 2021 mishumo yegore.Kune iyo photovoltaic industry, 2021 inokwana kuti inyorwe munhoroondo ye photovoltaics, nokuti makwikwi mumaketani emaindasitiri akatanga kupinda muchena-kupisa nhanho muna 2021. Pakazara, PV industry chain inosanganisira zvikamu zvakakosha zvakadai sesilicon, silicon. wafers, maseru nemamodule, uye zvikamu zvechipiri zvakaita sePV zvekubatsira zvinhu uye PV michina.
Iyo "grid parity" yakazadzikiswa kune photovoltaic simba rekugadzira iro rakatevedzwa kweanopfuura makore gumi paterminal photovoltaic magetsi zvidyarwa, izvo zvakare zvinoisa mberi zvakanyanya kuomesesa zvinodiwa pamutengo weiyo photovoltaic industry chain.
Muchikamu chesilicon cheindasitiri cheni kumusoro kwerwizi, pane kudiwa kukuru kwesimba rakasvibirira nekuda kwekabhoni kusarerekera, zvichiita kuti mitengo yesilicon inokwidziridzwe nekumhanya kunononoka kukwira zvakanyanya, nekudaro zvichikonzera kukanganisa kukuru pakugovera kwekutanga purofiti yeindastiri cheni. .
Muchikamu chesilicon wafer, simba idzva resilicon wafers seShangji Automation iri kupikisa vagadziri vesilicon wafer;muchikamu chesero, N-mhando masero anotanga kutsiva P-mhando masero.
Zvese izvi zviitiko zvakabatana zvinogona kuita kuti vanoisa mari vanzwe kuvhiringika.Asi pakupera kwemishumo yegore, isu tinokwanisa kubata zvishomanana zvekuwana uye kurasikirwa kweimwe neimwe PV kambani kuburikidza neiyo data data.
Iyi positi ichaongorora mhedzisiro yegore yeakawanda emakambani ePV uye kuputsa yakakosha data rezvemari muzvikamu zvakasiyana zveindasitiri ketani mukuyedza kupindura mibvunzo miviri inotevera:
1. Ndezvipi zvikamu zvePV indasitiri cheni akaona purofiti muna 2021?
2. Ko purofiti yePV industry ichagovewa sei mune ramangwana?Ndezvipi zvikamu zvinokodzera marongerwo?
Mhindu huru yesilicon inosimudzira kugadzirwa kwesilicon wafers, asi maseru akaona bhizinesi rinononoka
Muzvikamu zvikuru zvePV indasitiri cheni, takasarudza makambani akanyorwa ePV ane pachena data data kuburitswa kwezvikamu zvebhizinesi zvesilicon - wafer - cell - module, uye tichienzanisa mari uye huremu hwepakati hwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvebhizinesi zvekambani imwe neimwe. , kuitira kuti uratidze zvakajeka shanduko yepurofiti yechikamu chimwe nechimwe chePV indasitiri cheni.
Mwero wekukura kwemari yezvikamu zvikuru zvePV indasitiri cheni yakakwira kupfuura mwero wekukura kweindasitiri.Zvinoenderana nedatha yeCPIA, iyo yepasi rose itsva PV yakaiswa simba yaive ingangoita 170GW muna 2021, kuwedzera kwe23% gore-pagore, nepo kuwedzera kwemari yesilicon/wafer/cell/module yaive 171.2%/70.4%/62.8% / 40.5% zvichiteerana, mune inoderera mamiriro.
Kubva pakuona kwegross margin, avhareji yekutengesa mutengo wesilicon yakakwira kubva pa78,900/ton muna 2020 kusvika pa193,000/tani muna 2021. Kubatsirwa nekuwedzera kwemutengo, iyo gross margin yesilicon yakawedzera zvakanyanya kubva pa30.36% muna 2020 kusvika 64%. 2021.
Chikamu chewaferi chakaratidza kusimba kwakasimba, paine gross margins yasara yakatenderedza 24% kwemakore matatu apfuura, zvisinei nekukwira kwakanyanya kwemitengo yesilicon.Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvakakosha zveiyo yakagadzikana gross margin yechikamu chewaferi: Chekutanga, wafer iri munzvimbo yakasimba muindasitiri yeketani uye ine simba rakasimba rekutaurirana pamusoro pevagadziri veseru dzepasi, izvo zvinogona kushandura yakawanda yekumanikidza kwemutengo.Chechipiri, Zhonghuan Semiconductor, imwe yeakakosha kubuda divi revagadziri vesilicon wafers, yakavandudza zvakanyanya purofiti yayo mushure mekupedzwa kweiyo hybrid shanduko uye kusimudzirwa kwe210 silicon wafers, nekudaro ichiita basa rekudzikamisa mumucheto wakakura wechikamu ichi.
Iyo sero uye module ndiyo chaiyo yakabatwa neyezvino wave yesilicon mutengo unowedzera.Iyo gross margin yesero yakadzikira kubva pa14.47% kusvika 7.46%, ukuwo gross margin yemodule yakadzikira kubva pa17.24% kusvika 12.86%.
Chikonzero chekushanda kuri nani kweiyo gross margin yechikamu chemodule chichienzaniswa nechikamu chesero ndechekuti makambani epakati module ese makambani akabatanidzwa uye haana pakati pekuwana mutsauko, saka ivo vanonyanya kushingirira kumanikidzwa.Aikosolar, Tongwei uye mamwe makambani emasero anofanirwa kutenga silicon wafers kubva kune mamwe makambani, saka purofiti yavo iri pachena yakasvinwa.
Pakupedzisira, kubva pamari yakawandisa (mari yekushanda * gross margin) inoshanduka, gaka rekupedzisira pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zve photovoltaic industry chain rinonyanya kuoneka.
Muna 2021,gross profit yesilicon segment yakakura ne472%, ukuwo gross profit yecell segment yakadzikira ne16.13%.
Uye zvakare, isu tinogona kuona kuti kunyangwe iyo gross margin yechikamu chewaferi isati yachinja, iyo gross purofiti yakawedzera neinosvika 70%.Muchokwadi, kana tikazvitarisa kubva kune purofiti maonero, silicon wafers anobatsirwa kubva kune iyo silicon mutengo wekuwedzera wave.
Photovoltaic auxiliary material margins yakakuvadzwa, asi vatengesi vemidziyo vanoramba vakasimba
Isu takatora nzira imwechete mune zvekubatsira zvinhu uye midziyo ye photovoltaic industry chain.Mumakambani akanyorwa ephotovoltaic, takasarudza mabhidhi akakodzera, uye takaongorora mamiriro epurofiti yezvikamu zvinoenderana.
Kambani yega yega yakaona kuderera kweiyo gross margin ye photovoltaic yekubatsira zvinhu segment, asi vese vanogona kuwana pundutso.Pakazere, PV girazi uye inverters vakatambura nekuwedzera mari pasina kuwedzera purofiti zvakanyanya, nepo purofiti yekukura kwePV firimu yaive yakanyanya kunaka.
Iyo data yemari yemutengesi wega wega wemidziyo yakagadzikana zvakanyanya muPV midziyo chikamu.Panyaya yegross margin, iyo yakayerwa gross margin yemutengesi wega wega wemidziyo yakawedzera kubva pa33.98% muna 2020 kusvika 34.54% muna 2021, inenge isina kukanganiswa nemakakatanwa akasiyana muchikamu chikuru chePV.Panyaya yemari, mari yese yekushandisa yevatengesi vasere vemidziyo pamwe chete yakawedzera ne40%.
Kuita kwese kweiyo PV indasitiri chain padhuze nepamusoro pesilicon uye wafer segment purofiti yakanaka muna 2021, nepo iyo yakadzika sero uye chikamu chemodule chiri pasi pezvakaomesesa mutengo zvinodiwa pachiteshi chemagetsi, nekudaro kudzikisira pundutso.
Photovoltaic yekubatsira zvinhu senge inverters, photovoltaic firimu, uye photovoltaic girazi zvinonangidzirwa kune indasitiri ketani yepasi pemvura vatengi, saka purofiti muna 2021 yakakanganiswa kune akasiyana madhigirii.
Ndedzipi shanduko dzichaitika kuindasitiri yePV mune ramangwana?
Skyrocketed silicon mutengo ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuchinja kweiyo purofiti yekugovera maitiro ePV indasitiri cheni muna 2021. Saka, riini mitengo yesilicon ichadonha mune ramangwana uye ndedzipi shanduko dzichaitika muPV indasitiri cheni mushure mekuderera kwave kutariswa. yekutariswa kwevanoisa mari.
1. Mutengo weSilicon: Mutengo wepakati unoramba wakakwira muna 2022, uye unotanga kudzikira muna 2023.
Zvinoenderana nedata reZJSC, iyo yepasi rose silicon inoshanda kugona muna 2022 ingangoita mazana masere nemakumi mana ezviuru zvematani, ayo angangoita 50% gore-pa-gore kukura uye anogona kutsigira 294GW yesilicon wafer kudiwa.Kana tikafunga nezvehuwandu hwekugovera huwandu hwe1.2, iyo inoshanda silicon huwandu hwe840,000 matani muna 2022 inogona kusangana ne245GW yekuiswa kwePV kugona.
2. Silicon wafer segment inotarisirwa kutanga mutengo hondo muna 2023-2024.
Sezvatinoziva kubva kuongororo yapfuura ya2021, makambani esilicon wafer ari kunyanya kubatsirwa neaya mafungu esilicon kukwira kwemitengo.Kana mitengo yesilicon yadzikira mune ramangwana, makambani ewafer anozodzikisa mitengo yavo yewafer nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kubva kune vezera uye zvikamu zvezasi, uye kunyangwe gross margins ikaramba yakafanana kana kuwedzera, gross purofiti paGW inoderera.
3. Masero nemamodule achapora kubva mudambudziko muna 2023.
Sezvo "akabatwa" mukuru weiyo wave wave yemutengo wesilicon ichiwedzera, makambani esero nemodule akatakura chinyararire mutengo weiyo yese indasitiri cheni kudzvanywa pasina mubvunzo vazhinji vane tariro yekuti mitengo yesilicon inodonha.
Mamiriro ese eiyo PV indasitiri chain muna 2022 achafanana nea2021, uye kana silicon yaburitswa zvizere muna 2023, iyo silicon newafer zvikamu zvingangosangana nehondo yemutengo, nepo purofiti yeiyo yakadzika module uye sero. zvikamu zvichatanga kutora.Naizvozvo, sero, module uye makambani ekubatanidza mune yazvino PV indasitiri cheni ichave yakakosha kutariswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-10-2022