Corrosion ndiko kukuvadzwa kana kuparara kwezvinhu kana zvimiro zvazvo zvinokonzerwa nekuita kwenharaunda.Kuora kwakawanda kunoitika mumhepo yemhepo, iyo ine zvinhu zvinoparadza uye zvinopisa zvinhu zvakaita seokisijeni, mwando, shanduko yetembiricha uye zvinosvibisa.
Salt spray corrosion inzira yakajairika uye inoparadza zvakanyanya yekuora kwemuchadenga.Kupfapfaidza munyu pamusoro pezvinhu zvesimbi kunokonzerwa neiyo chloride ion iri musimbi inopinda mukati meiyo oxidation layer uye inodzivirira layer uye yemukati simbi electrochemical reaction.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo chloride ion ine imwe chiyero che hydration simba, iyo iri nyore kushambadza musimbi pamusoro pores uye makatsemuka uye kutsiva okisijeni mu oxide layer, nokudaro kushandura iyo insoluble oxide kuita soluble chloride uye passivated. state surface into a active surface.
Munyungura kudzivirira pfapfaidzobvunzo ndeye bvunzo yezvakatipoteredza iyo inonyanya kushandisa yekunyepedzera yakatemerwa munyu yekupfapfaidza mamiriro ekunze akagadzirwa nemunyu wekupfapfaidza bvunzo michina yekuongorora kusaora kwezvigadzirwa kana simbi zvinhu.Iyo yakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri dzebvunzo: yakasikwa nharaunda kuratidzwa bvunzo, uye yekugadzira inomhanyisa simulation munyu pfapfaidzo yezvakatipoteredza bvunzo.
Muyedzo yekunyepedzera yemunyu yekupfapfaidza nharaunda bvunzo, iyo munyu yekupfapfaidza kamuri yekuyedza ine imwe vhoriyamu yenzvimbo inoshandiswa, uye nharaunda yekupfapfaidza munyu inogadzirwa nekushandisa nzira dzekugadzira muhuwandu hwayo hwenzvimbo, kuitira kuongorora kushanda uye kunaka kwemunyu wekupfapfaidza ngura. kushorwa kwezvigadzirwa.
Kuwanda kwemunyu kwekloridi munzvimbo yekupfapfaidza munyu kunogona kuita kakati wandei kana kuwanda kwemunyu wekupfapfaidza zviri mukati mezvakajairwa nharaunda, nekudaro zvichiwedzera huwandu hwekuora uye kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekuwana mhedzisiro.Semuyenzaniso, zvinogona kutora gore kuti corrode paunenge uchiyedza sampuli yechigadzirwa munzvimbo yakasarudzika, nepo iwe uchigona kuwana mibairo yakafanana mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana munzvimbo yekunyepedzera yekupfapfaidza munyu.
Laboratory simulated munyu pfapfaidzo inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvina.
(1) Iyo yekusarerekera munyu yekupfapfaidza bvunzo (NSS bvunzo) ndiyo yekutanga uye yakanyanya kushandiswa yakakwirisa corrosion test nzira.Inoshandisa 5% sodium chloride mvura yemunyu, ine pH kukosha yakagadziridzwa kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo (6.5 ~ 7.2) semushonga wekupfapfaidza.Tembiricha yekuyedza i35 ℃, uye chiyero chinodiwa chekunyunguduka kwemunyu wekupfapfaidza i1 ~ 2ml/80cm/h.
(2) Acetic acid munyu pfapfaidzo bvunzo (ASS bvunzo) inogadzirwa pahwaro hwekusarerekera munyu kupfapfaidza bvunzo.Iri mu5% sodium chloride solution ine glacial acetic acid, kuitira kuti mhinduro PH ideredze kusvika pa3, mushonga unobva waita acidic, uye munyu wakapfapfaidzwa unopedzisira wava acidic kubva kune neutral salt spray.Kuora kwayo kunokurumidza kakapetwa katatu pane bvunzo yeNSS.
(3) Iyo yemhangura yemunyu yakamhanyisa acetate spray bvunzo (CASS bvunzo) ichangobva kugadzirwa yekune dzimwe nyika nekukurumidza munyu yekupfapfaidza corrosion test.Tembiricha yekuyedza i50 ℃.Chikamu chiduku chemhangura yemunyu-copper chloride inowedzerwa kune mhinduro yemunyu kuti iite zvakasimba kuora.Kuora kwayo kunosvika kasere pane yebvunzo yeNSS.
(4) Alternating salt spray test bvunzo yakazara yemunyu yekupfapfaidza, inova yekusarerekera munyu yekupfapfaidza bvunzo pamwe nekugara hunyoro uye kuyedza kupisa.Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune cavity-mhando chigadzirwa.Kuburikidza nekupinda kwenzvimbo yemvura, iyo munyu yekupfapfaidza ngura inogadzirwa kwete pamusoro chete asi mukati mechigadzirwa.Chigadzirwa chacho chinoshandurwa pakati pemunyu wekupfapfaidza uye humidity uye kupisa nharaunda, uye ipapo magetsi uye emagetsi echigadzirwa anofanira kuongororwa chero shanduko.
Kutsunga kwemhedzisiro
Mhedzisiro yebvunzo yemunyu yekupfapfaidza bvunzo inowanzopihwa mumhando yemhando kwete yehuwandu fomu.Pane nzira ina dzakananga dzekutsunga.
(1) Rating kutsunga nzira.
Munzira iyi, patsanura chiyero chenzvimbo yekuora uye nzvimbo yese kuita nhanho dzakawanda, uye sarudza imwe nhanho sehwaro hwakakodzera hwekutsunga.Iyi nzira yakakodzera kuongororwa kwemasampureti akatsetseka.
(2) Kuyera nzira yekutsunga.
Kuburikidza nekuyera huremu hwesample pamberi uye mushure mekuyedzwa kwecorrosion, verenga huremu hwakarasika nekuda kwekuora, uye kutongaspray corrosion protectionkunaka kwemuenzaniso.Iyi nzira inonyanya kukodzera kuongororwa kweimwe metal corrosion resistance quality.
(3) Corrosion data statistical analysis method.
Iyi nzira inopa kusavimbika kwekugadzira bvunzo dzecorrosion, kuongorora corrosion data, uye kuona corrosion data, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakuongorora uye manhamba ekuora, kwete kunyanya kutarisisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa.
Salt spray test yesimbi isina tsvina
Kubva zvakavambwa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, bvunzo yekupfapfaidza munyu yakafarirwa zvakanyanya nevashandisi vezvinhu zvinodzivirira corrosion nekuda kwemabhenefiti ayo anosanganisira kuderedzwa nguva uye mutengo, inokwanisa kuyedza dzakasiyana siyana, uye nekupa zviri nyore uye zvakajeka mhedzisiro.
Mukuita, muyedzo wekupfapfaidza munyu wesimbi isina tsvina ndiwo unonyanya kuzivikanwa, uye varapi vanofanirwa kunge vachiziva kuti mangani maawa ekupfapfaidza munyu anogona kugara kune ichi chinhu.
Vatengesi vezvinhu vanowanzo wedzera nguva yekupfapfaidza munyu yesimbi isina tsvina nenzira dzakaita senge passivation kana kuwedzera giredhi rekupolishisa pamusoro.Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukoshesa chinotaridza kuumbwa kwesimbi isina tsvina pachayo, kureva zviri mukati mechromium, molybdenum uye nickel.
Kukwira kwezviri mukati mezvose zviri zviviri chromium uye molybdenum, ndiko kukura kwekudzivirira kwecorrosion kunodiwa kuti gomba uye kukoromoka kutange kuoneka.Uku kushorwa kwekuora kunoratidzwa neinonzi pitting resistance yakaenzana (PRE) kukosha: PRE = % Cr + 3.3 x % Mo.
Nepo nickel isingawedzere kupikisa kwesimbi kugomba uye kukoromoka, inogona kushanda mukudzikisira chiyero chekuora kana nzira yekuora yatanga.Naizvozvo, austenitic Stainless simbi dzine nickel dzinowanzoita zvirinani mumunyu wekupfapfaidza bvunzo uye ngura ishoma pane yakaderera nickel ferritic simbi isina simbi ine zvakafanana pitting resistance.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti munyungura kudzivirira pfapfaidzobvunzo ine zvipingamupinyi zvakakura paunenge uchiyedza kuita kwesimbi isina tsvina.Iyo chloride yemukati yekupfapfaidza yemunyu muyedzo yekupfapfaidza munyu yakakwira zvakanyanya uye inopfuura kure nharaunda chaiyo, saka simbi dzisina tsvina dzinogona kuramba kukora mumashandisirwo chaiwo ane yakaderera kwazvo chloride yemukati inowora muyedzo yekupfapfaidza munyu.
Muyedzo wekupfapfaidza munyu unoshandura maitiro ekuora kwesimbi isina tsvina, iyo inogona kutorwa seyekukurumidza bvunzo kana yekuenzanisa kuyedza.Mhedzisiro yacho ine divi rimwe chete uye haina hukama hwakaenzana nekuita chaiko kwesimbi isina tsvina iyo inozoiswa mukushandiswa.
Saka iwe unogona kushandisa munyu wekupfapfaidza bvunzo kuenzanisa kushorwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi isina tsvina, asi bvunzo iyi inongokwanisa kuyera zvinhu.Pakusarudza chaiyo simbi isina tsvina, munyu wekupfapfaidza bvunzo wega kazhinji haupi ruzivo rwakakwana nekuti hukama pakati pemamiriro ebvunzo nenzvimbo chaiyo yekushandisa haiwanzo kuzivikanwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, mapoka akasiyana esimbi haakwanise kuenzaniswa neimwe, nekuti izvo zviviri zvinoshandiswa muyedzo zvine nzira dzakasiyana dzekuora, saka mhedzisiro yebvunzo uye kukosha kwekupedzisira kwekushandiswa kwezvakatipoteredza hakuna kufanana.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-08-2022